binary search

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define SIZE 10
int found=0;
int binarysearch(int [],int);
void main()
{
  int list[SIZE]={22,36,45,65,59,48,21,54,77,91};
  int target,res;
  clrscr();
  printf("\n\t enter target:");
  scanf("%d",&target);
  res=binarysearch(list,target);
  if(found)
  printf("\n\t the target is found at location:%d",res);
  else
  printf("\n\t the target is not found");
  getch();
}
int binarysearch(int list[],int target)
{
     int low,mid,high;
     low=0;
     high=SIZE;
     while(low<=high)
      {
      mid=(low+high)/2;
      if(target<list[mid])
      high=mid-1;
      else
      if(target>list[mid])
      low=mid+1;
      else
    {
        found=1;
        break;
    }
      }
       return(mid);
}

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
double iteration_power(double,int);
void main()
{
    int n;
    double x,res;
    clrscr();
    printf("\n\t Enter x=");
    scanf("\n\t %lf",&x);
    printf("\n\t Enter n=");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    res=iteration_power(x,n);
    printf("\n\t %lf power%d=%lf",x,n,res);
    getch();
}
double iteration_power(double x, int n)
{
    int i;
    double p=1;
    for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
    p=p*x;
    return(p);
}

calling the function

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void swap(int,int);
void main()
{
    int a,b;
    clrscr();
    printf("\n\t Enter a=");
    scanf("%d",&a);
    printf("\n\t Enter b=");
    scanf("%d",&b);
    printf("\n\t Before calling the function");
    printf("\n\t a=%d b=%d",a,b);
    swap(a,b);
    printf("\n\t after calling the function");
    printf("\n\t a=%d b=%d",a,b);
    getch();
}
void swap(int x,int y)

{
    int temp;
    temp=x;
    x=y;
    y=temp;
    return;
}

swaping c program

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void swap(int*, int*);
void main()
{
    int a,b;
    clrscr();
    printf("\n\t Enter a=");
    scanf("%d",&a);
    printf("\n\t Enter b=");
    scanf("%d",&b);
    printf("\n\t before calling the function");
    printf("\n\t a=%d b=%d",a,b);
    swap(&a ,&b);
    printf("\n\t after calling the function");
    printf("\n\t a=%d b=%d",a,b);
    getch();
}
void swap(int*x, int*y)
{
    int temp;
    temp=*x;
    *x=*y;
    *y=temp;
    return;
}

arthametic operator

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
    char op;
    int a,b,c;
    clrscr();
      printf("Enter an arthametic operator:");
      scanf("%c",&op);
      printf("\n Enter two operands:");
      scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
  switch(op)
  {
  case'+':
     printf("\naddition of two number %2d %2d is:%d",a,b,a+b);
     break;
  case'-':
     printf("\nsubstraction of two numbers %2d %2d is:%d",a,b,a-b);
     break;
  case'*':
     printf("\nmultiplication of two numbers %2d%2d is:%d",a,b,a*b);
     break;
  case'/':
     printf("\ndivision(quotient)of two numbers %2d%2d is:%d",a,b,a/b);
     break;
  case'%':

     printf("\nmodulo operation(remainder)of two numbers %2d%2d is:%d",a,b,a%b);
     break;
  default:
     printf("\n please enter correct operator");
     break;
  }
  getch();
  }

Write C program to implement Trapezoidal method.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>

char postfix[80];
float stack[80];
char stack1[80];
int top=-1,top1=-1;

float eval(char postfix[], float x1);
void infix_postfix(char infix[]);

main()
{
float x0, xn, h, s,e1,e2;
char exp[80], arr[80];
int i,n,l=0;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter an expression: ");
gets(exp);
puts("Enter x0, xn and number of subintervals");
scanf("%f%f%d", &x0, &xn, &n);
h=(xn-x0)/n;
if(exp[0]=='l'&& exp[1]=='o'&& exp[2]=='g')
{
l=strlen(exp);
for(i=0;i<l-3; i++)
arr[0]=exp[i+3];
arr[i]='\0';
infix_postfix(arr);
e1=eval(postfix,x0);
e2=eval(postfix,xn);
s=log(e1)+log(e2);
for (i=1;i<=n-1;i++)
s+=2*log(eval(postfix,x0+i*h));
}
else
{
infix_postfix(exp);
s=eval(postfix,x0)+eval(postfix,xn);
for (i=1;i<=n-1;i++)
s+=2*eval(postfix,x0+i*h);
}
printf("Value of the integral is %6.3f\n",(h/2)*s);
return(0);
}
/*Inserting the operands in a stack. */
void push(float item)
{
if(top==99)
{
printf("\n\tThe stack is full");
getch();
exit(0);
}
else
{
top++;
stack[top]=item;
}
return;
}
/*Removing the operands from a stack. */
float pop()
{
float item;
if(top==-1)
{
printf("\n\tThe stack is empty\n\t");
getch();
}
item=stack[top];
top--;
return (item);
}
void push1(char item)
{
if(top1==79)
{
printf("\n\tThe stack is full");
getch();
exit(0);
}
else
{
top1++;
stack1[top1]=item;
}
return;
}
/*Removing the operands from a stack. */
char pop1()
{
char item;
if(top1==-1)
{
printf("\n\tThe stack1 is empty\n\t");
getch();
}
item=stack1[top1];
top1--;
return (item);
}

/*Converting an infix expression to a postfix expression. */
void infix_postfix(char infix[])
{
int i=0,j=0,k;
char ch;
char token;
for(i=0;i<79;i++)
postfix[i]=' ';
push1('?');
i=0;
token=infix[i];
while(token!='\0')
{
if(isalnum(token))
{
postfix[j]=token;
j++;
}
else if(token=='(')
{
push1('(');
}
else if(token==')')
{
while(stack1[top1]!='(')
{
ch=pop1();
postfix[j]=ch;
j++;
}
ch=pop1();
}
else
{

while(ISPriority(stack1[top1])>=ICP(token))
{
ch=pop1();
/*Assigning the popped element into the postfix array. */
postfix[j]=ch;
j++;
}
push1(token);
}
i++;
token=infix[i];
}
while(top1!=0)
{
ch=pop1();
postfix[j]=ch;
j++;
}
postfix[j]='\0';
}

int ISPriority(char token)
{
switch(token)
{
case '(':return (0);
case ')':return (9);
case '+':return (7);
case '-':return (7);
case '*':return (8);
case '/':return (8);
case '?':return (0);
default: printf("Invalid expression");
break;
}
return 0;
}
/*Determining the priority of elements that are approaching towards the stack. */
int ICP(char token)
{
switch(token)
{
case '(':return (10);
case ')':return (9);
case '+':return (7);
case '-':return (7);
case '*':return (8);
case '/':return (8);
case '\0':return (0);
default: printf("Invalid expression");
break;
}
return 0;
}
/*Calculating the result of expression, which is converted in postfix notation. */
float eval(char p[], float x1)
{
float t1,t2,k,r;
int i=0,l;
l=strlen(p);
while(i<l)
{
if(p[i]=='x')
push(x1);
else
if(isdigit(p[i]))
{
k=p[i]-'0';
push(k);
}
else
{
t1=pop();
t2=pop();
switch(p[i])
{
case '+':k=t2+t1;
break;
case '-':k=t2-t1;
break;
case '*':k=t2*t1;
break;
case '/':k=t2/t1;
break;
default: printf("\n\tInvalid expression");
break;
}
push(k);
}
i++;
}
if(top>0)
{
printf("You have entered the operands more than the operators");
exit(0);
}
else
{
r=pop();
return (r);
}
return 0;
}

Write C program to implement Simpson method.

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>

char postfix[80];
float stack[80];
char stack1[80];
int top=-1,top1=-1;
float eval(char postfix[], float x1);
void infix_postfix(char infix[]);

main()
{
float x0, xn, h, s,e1,e2, e3;
char exp[80], arr[80];
int i,n,l=0;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter an expression: ");
gets(exp);
puts("Enter x0, xn and number of sub-intervals: ");
scanf("%f%f%d", &x0, &xn, &n);
h=(xn-x0)/n;
if(exp[0]=='l'&& exp[1]=='o'&& exp[2]=='g')
{
l=strlen(exp);
for(i=0;i<l-3; i++)
arr[0]=exp[i+3];
arr[i]='\0';
infix_postfix(arr);
e1=eval(postfix,x0);
e2=eval(postfix,xn);
e3=4*eval(postfix, x0+h);
s=log(e1)+log(e2)+log(e3);
for (i=3;i<=n-1;i+=2)
s+=4*eval(postfix,x0+i*h)+2*eval(postfix, x0+(i-1)*h);
}
else
{
infix_postfix(exp);
s=eval(postfix,x0)+eval(postfix,xn)+4*eval(postfix, x0+h);
for (i=3;i<=n-1;i+=2)
s+=4*eval(postfix,x0+i*h)+2*eval(postfix, x0+(i-1)*h);
}
printf("The value of integral is %6.3f\n",(h/3)*s);
return(0);
}
/*Inserting the operands in a stack. */
void push(float item)
{
if(top==99)
{
printf("\n\tThe stack is full");
getch();
exit(0);
}
else
{
top++;
stack[top]=item;
}
return;
}
/*Removing the operands from a stack. */
float pop()
{
float item;
if(top==-1)
{
printf("\n\tThe stack is empty\n\t");
getch();
}
item=stack[top];
top--;
return (item);
}
void push1(char item)
{
if(top1==79)
{
printf("\n\tThe stack is full");
getch();
exit(0);
}
else
{
top1++;
stack1[top1]=item;
}
return;
}
/*Removing the operands from a stack. */
char pop1()
{
char item;
if(top1==-1)
{
printf("\n\tThe stack1 is empty\n\t");
getch();
}
item=stack1[top1];
top1--;
return (item);
}
/*Converting an infix expression to a postfix expression. */
void infix_postfix(char infix[])
{
int i=0,j=0,k;
char ch;
char token;
for(i=0;i<79;i++)
postfix[i]=' ';
push1('?');
i=0;
token=infix[i];
while(token!='\0')
{
if(isalnum(token))
{
postfix[j]=token;
j++;
}
else if(token=='(')
{
push1('(');
}
else if(token==')')
{
while(stack1[top1]!='(')
{
ch=pop1();
postfix[j]=ch;
j++;
}
ch=pop1();
}
else
{
while(ISPriority(stack1[top1])>=ICP(token))
{
ch=pop1();
postfix[j]=ch;
j++;
}
push1(token);
}
i++;
token=infix[i];
}
while(top1!=0)
{
ch=pop1();
postfix[j]=ch;
j++;
}
postfix[j]='\0';
}

/*Determining the priority of elements that are placed inside the stack. */
int ISPriority(char token)
{
switch(token)
{
case '(':return (0);
case ')':return (9);
case '+':return (7);
case '-':return (7);
case '*':return (8);
case '/':return (8);
case '?':return (0);
default: printf("Invalid expression");
}
return 0;
}

/*Determining the priority of elements that are approaching towards the stack. */
int ICP(char token)
{
switch(token)
{
case '(':return (10);
case ')':return (9);
case '+':return (7);
case '-':return (7);
case '*':return (8);
case '/':return (8);
case '\0':return (0);
default: printf("Invalid expression");
}
return 0;
}
/*Calculating the result of expression, which is converted in postfix notation. */
float eval(char p[], float x1)
{
float t1,t2,k,r;
int i=0,l;
l=strlen(p);
while(i<l)
{
if(p[i]=='x')
push(x1);
else
if(isdigit(p[i]))
{
k=p[i]-'0';
push(k);
}
else
{
t1=pop();
t2=pop();
switch(p[i])
{
case '+':k=t2+t1;
break;
case '-':k=t2-t1;
break;
case '*':k=t2*t1;
break;
case '/':k=t2/t1;
break;
default: printf("\n\tInvalid expression");
}
push(k);
}
i++;
}
if(top>0)
{
printf("You have entered the operands more than the operators");
exit(0);
}
else
{
r=pop();
return (r);
}
return 0;
}

Write C program to implement the linear regression algorithm.

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<string.h>

float mean(float *a, int n);
void deviation(float *a, float mean, int n, float *d, float *S);

void main()
{
float a[20],b[20],dx[20],dy[20];
float sy=0,sx=0,mean_x=0,mean_y=0,sum_xy=0;
float corr_coff=0,reg_coff_xy=0, reg_coff_yx=0;
char type_coff[7];
int n=0,i=0;

clrscr();

printf("Enter the value of n: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the values of x and y:\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%f%f",&a[i],&b[i]);
mean_x=mean(a,n);
mean_y=mean(b,n);
deviation(a,mean_x,n,dx,&sx);
deviation(b,mean_y,n,dy,&sy);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
sum_xy=sum_xy+dx[i]*dy[i];
corr_coff=sum_xy/(n*sx*sy);
printf("Enter the type of regression coefficient as 'x on y' or 'y on x': ");
fflush(stdin);
gets(type_coff);

if(strcmp(type_coff,"x on y")==1)
{
reg_coff_xy=corr_coff*(sx/sy);
printf("\nThe value of linear regression coefficient is %f",reg_coff_xy);
}
else if(strcmp(type_coff,"y on x")==1)
{
reg_coff_yx=corr_coff*(sy/sx);
printf("\nThe value of linear regression coefficient is %f",reg_coff_yx);
}
else
printf("\nEnter the correct type of regression coefficient.");
getch();
}


float mean(float *a, int n)
{
float sum=0, i=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
sum=sum+a[i];
sum=sum/n;
return (sum);
}

void deviation(float *a, float mean, int n, float *d, float *s)
{
float sum=0,t=0;
int i=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
d[i]=a[i]-mean;
t=d[i]*d[i];
sum=sum+t;
}
sum=sum/n;
*s=sqrt(sum);
}

Write C program to implement the Newton- Gregory forward interpolation.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define MaxN 100
#define Order_of_diff 4

void main ()
{
float arr_x[MaxN+1], arr_y[MaxN+1], numerator=1.0, denominator=1.0, x, y, p, h, diff_table[MaxN+1][Order_of_diff+1];
int i,j,n,k;
clrscr();

printf("Enter the value of n \n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the values of x and y");

for(i=0; i<=n; i++)
scanf("%f%f", &arr_x[i], &arr_y[i]);
printf("Enter the value of x at which value of y is to be calculated");
scanf("%f", &x);
h=arr_x[1]-arr_x[0];

for(i=0; i<=n-1; i++)
diff_table[i][1]=arr_y[i+1]-arr_y[i];/*Creating the difference table and calculating first order differences*/
for(j=2; j<=Order_of_diff; j++)/*Calculating higher order differences*/
for(i=0; i<=n-j; i++)
diff_table[i][j]=diff_table[i+1][j-1] - diff_table[i][j-1];
i=0;

while(!(arr_x[i]>x)) /* Finding x0 */
i++;
i--;
p=(x-arr_x[i])/h;
y=arr_y[i];

for (k=1; k<=Order_of_diff; k++)
{
numerator *=p-k+1;
denominator *=k;
y +=(numerator/denominator)*diff_table[i][k];
}
printf("When x=%6.1f, y=%6.2f\n",x, y);
getch();
}

Write C program to implement the Lagrange interpolation.

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define MaxN 90

void main()
{
float arr_x[MaxN+1], arr_y[MaxN+1], numerator, denominator, x, y=0;
int i, j, n;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the value of n: \n");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter the values of x and y: \n");
for(i=0; i<=n; i++)
scanf("%f%f", &arr_x[i], &arr_y[i]);
printf("Enter the value of x at which value of y is to be calculated: ");
scanf("%f", &x);
for (i=0; i<=n; i++)
{
numerator=1;
denominator=1;
for (j=0; j<=n; j++)
if(j!=i)
{
numerator *= x-arr_x[j];
denominator *= arr_x[i]-arr_x[j];
}
y+=(numerator/denominator)*arr_y[i];
}
printf("When x=%4.1f y=%7.1f\n",x,y);
getch();
}

Write C program that implement the following sorting methods to sort a given list of integers in ascending order: ii) Merge sort

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define MAX_ARY 10

void merge_sort(int x[], int end, int start);

int main(void)
{
int ary[MAX_ARY];
int j = 0;

printf("\n\nEnter the elements to be sorted: \n");
for(j=0;j<MAX_ARY;j++)
scanf("%d",&ary[j]);

/* array before mergesort */
printf("Before :");
for(j = 0; j < MAX_ARY; j++)
printf(" %d", ary[j]);

printf("\n");

merge_sort(ary, 0, MAX_ARY - 1);

/* array after mergesort */
printf("After Merge Sort :");
for(j = 0; j < MAX_ARY; j++)
printf(" %d", ary[j]);

printf("\n");
getch();
}

/* Method to implement Merge Sort*/
void merge_sort(int x[], int end, int start)
{
int j = 0;
const int size = start - end + 1;
int mid = 0;
int mrg1 = 0;
int mrg2 = 0;
int executing[MAX_ARY];

if(end == start)
return;

mid = (end + start) / 2;

merge_sort(x, end, mid);
merge_sort(x, mid + 1, start);

for(j = 0; j < size; j++)
executing[j] = x[end + j];

mrg1 = 0;
mrg2 = mid - end + 1;

for(j = 0; j < size; j++)
{
if(mrg2 <= start - end)
if(mrg1 <= mid - end)
if(executing[mrg1] > executing[mrg2])
x[j + end] = executing[mrg2++];
else
x[j + end] = executing[mrg1++];
else
x[j + end] = executing[mrg2++];
else
x[j + end] = executing[mrg1++];
}
}

Write C program that implement the following sorting methods to sort a given list of integers in ascending order: i) Insertion sort

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

void inst_sort(int []);

void main()
{
int num[5],count;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the Five Elements to sort:\n");

for (count=0;count<5;count++)
scanf("%d",&num[count]);
inst_sort(num);

printf("\n\nElements after sorting: \n");
for(count=0;count<5;count++)
printf("%d\n",num[count]);
getch();
}

// Function for Insertion Sorting
void inst_sort(int num[])
{
int i,j,k;
for(j=1;j<5;j++)
{
k=num[j];
for(i=j-1;i>=0 && k<num[i];i--)
num[i+1]=num[i];
num[i+1]=k;
}
}

Write C program that implement the following sorting methods to sort a given list of integers in ascending order: ii) Quick sort

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX 10

void swap(int *m,int *n)
{
int temp;
temp = *m;
*m = *n;
*n = temp;
}
int get_key_position(int x,int y )
{
return((x+y) /2);
}

// Function for Quick Sort
void quicksort(int list[],int m,int n)
{
int key,i,j,k;
if( m <n)
{
k = get_key_position(m,n);
swap(&list[m],&list[k]);
key = list[m];
i = m+1;
j = n;
while(i <= j)
{
while((i <= n) && (list[i] <= key))
i++;
while((j >= m) && (list[j] > key))
j--;
if( i < j)
swap(&list[i],&list[j]);
}
swap(&list[m],&list[j]);
quicksort(list,m,j-1);
quicksort(list,j+1,n);
}
}

// Function to read the data
void read_data(int list[],int n)
{
int j;
printf("\n\nEnter the elements:\n");
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
scanf("%d",&list[j]);
}

// Function to print the data
void print_data(int list[],int n)
{
int j;
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
printf("%d\t",list[j]);
}

void main()
{
int list[MAX], num;
clrscr();
printf("\n***** Enter the number of elements Maximum [10] *****\n");
scanf("%d",&num);
read_data(list,num);
printf("\n\nElements in the list before sorting are:\n");
print_data(list,num);
quicksort(list,0,num-1);
printf("\n\nElements in the list after sorting are:\n");
print_data(list,num);
getch();
}

Write C programs that implement the following sorting methods to sort a given list of integers in ascending order: i) Bubble sort

program:

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX 10

void swapList(int *m,int *n)
{
int temp;
temp = *m;
*m = *n;
*n = temp;
}

// Function for Bubble Sort
void bub_sort(int list[], int n)
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<(n-1);i++)
for(j=0;j<(n-(i+1));j++)
if(list[j] > list[j+1])
swapList(&list[j],&list[j+1]);
}

void readlist(int list[],int n)
{
int j;
printf("\nEnter the elements: \n");
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
scanf("%d",&list[j]);
}

// Showing the contents of the list
void printlist(int list[],int n)
{
int j;
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
printf("%d\t",list[j]);
}

void main()
{
int list[MAX], num;
clrscr();
printf("\n\n\n***** Enter the number of elements [Maximum 10] *****\n");
scanf("%d",&num);
readlist(list,num);
printf("\n\nElements in the list before sorting are:\n");
printlist(list,num);
bub_sort(list,num);
printf("\n\nElements in the list after sorting are:\n");
printlist(list,num);
getch();
}

Write C programs that use both recursive and non recursive functions to perform the following searching operations for a Key value in a given list of integers : ii) Binary search

program:

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_LEN 10

/* Non-Recursive function*/
void b_search_nonrecursive(int l[],int num,int ele)
{
int l1,i,j, flag = 0;
l1 = 0;
i = num-1;
while(l1 <= i)
{
j = (l1+i)/2;
if( l[j] == ele)
{
printf("\nThe element %d is present at position %d in list\n",ele,j);
flag =1;
break;
}
else
if(l[j] < ele)
l1 = j+1;
else
i = j-1;
}
if( flag == 0)
printf("\nThe element %d is not present in the list\n",ele);
}

/* Recursive function*/
int b_search_recursive(int l[],int arrayStart,int arrayEnd,int a)
{
int m,pos;
if (arrayStart<=arrayEnd)
{
m=(arrayStart+arrayEnd)/2;
if (l[m]==a)
return m;
else if (a<l[m])
return b_search_recursive(l,arrayStart,m-1,a);
else
return b_search_recursive(l,m+1,arrayEnd,a);
}
return -1;
}

void read_list(int l[],int n)
{
int i;
printf("\nEnter the elements:\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&l[i]);
}

void print_list(int l[],int n)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%d\t",l[i]);
}

/*main function*/
void main()
{
int l[MAX_LEN], num, ele,f,l1,a;
int ch,pos;

clrscr();

printf("======================================================");
printf("\n\t\t\tMENU=============================================");
printf("\n[1] Binary Search using Recursion method");
printf("\n[2] Binary Search using Non-Recursion method");
printf("\n\nEnter your Choice:");
scanf("%d",&ch);

if(ch<=2 & ch>0)
{
printf("\nEnter the number of elements : ");
scanf("%d",&num);
read_list(l,num);
printf("\nElements present in the list are:\n\n");
print_list(l,num);
printf("\n\nEnter the element you want to search:\n\n");
scanf("%d",&ele);


switch(ch)
{
case 1:printf("\nRecursive method:\n");
pos=b_search_recursive(l,0,num,ele);
if(pos==-1)
{
printf("Element is not found");
}
else
{
printf("Element is found at %d position",pos);
}
getch();
break;

case 2:printf("\nNon-Recursive method:\n");
b_search_nonrecursive(l,num,ele);
getch();
break;
}
}
getch();
}

Write C programs that use both recursive and non recursive functions to perform the following searching operation for a Key value in a given list of integers : i) Linear search

program:

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_LEN 10

void l_search_recursive(int l[],int num,int ele);
void l_search(int l[],int num,int ele);
void read_list(int l[],int num);
void print_list(int l[],int num);

void main()
{
int l[MAX_LEN], num, ele;
int ch;

clrscr();

printf("======================================================");
printf("\n\t\t\tMENU");
printf("\n=====================================================");
printf("\n[1] Linary Search using Recursion method");
printf("\n[2] Linary Search using Non-Recursion method");
printf("\n\nEnter your Choice:");
scanf("%d",&ch);

if(ch<=2 & ch>0)
{
printf("Enter the number of elements :");
scanf("%d",&num);
read_list(l,num);
printf("\nElements present in the list are:\n\n");
print_list(l,num);
printf("\n\nElement you want to search:\n\n");
scanf("%d",&ele);

switch(ch)
{
case 1:printf("\n**Recursion method**\n");
l_search_recursive(l,num,ele);
getch();
break;

case 2:printf("\n**Non-Recursion method**\n");
l_search_nonrecursive(l,num,ele);
getch();
break;
}
}
getch();
}
/*end main*/

/* Non-Recursive method*/
void l_search_nonrecursive(int l[],int num,int ele)
{
int j, f=0;
for(j=0;j<num;j++)
if( l[j] == ele)
{
printf("\nThe element %d is present at position %d in list\n",ele,j);
f=1;
break;
}
if(f==0)
printf("\nThe element is %d is not present in the list\n",ele);
}

/* Recursive method*/
void l_search_recursive(int l[],int num,int ele)
{
int f = 0;

if( l[num] == ele)
{
printf("\nThe element %d is present at position %d in list\n",ele,num);
f=1;
}
else
{
if((num==0) && (f==0))
{
printf("The element %d is not found.",ele);
}
else
{
l_search(l,num-1,ele);
}
}
getch();
}

void read_list(int l[],int num)
{
int j;
printf("\nEnter the elements:\n");
for(j=0;j<num;j++)
scanf("%d",&l[j]);
}

void print_list(int l[],int num)
{
int j;
for(j=0;j<num;j++)
printf("%d\t",l[j]);
}

Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following: i) Creating a Binary Tree of integers ii) Traversing the above binary tree in preorder, inorder and postorder.

#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>

struct treenode
{
int ele;
struct treenode *l_child, *r_child;
};

struct treenode *insert_node(struct treenode *t,int a);
void TraverseInorder(struct treenode *t);
void TraversePreorder(struct treenode *t);
void TraversePostorder(struct treenode *t);

/*main function*/
void main()
{
struct treenode *root_node = NULL;
int num,value;
int choice;

clrscr();

printf("----------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("\t\t\tMENU\n");
printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("[1] Create a Binary Tree and Use Inorder Traversal\n");
printf("[2] Create a Binary Tree and Use Preorder Traversal\n");
printf("[3] Create a Binary Tree and Use Postorder Traversal\n");
printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Enter your choice:");
scanf("%d",&choice);

if(choice>0 & choice<=3)
{
printf("\nEnter the number of nodes:");
scanf("%d",&num);

while(num-- > 0)
{
printf("\n\nEnter the data value:");
scanf("%d",&value);
root_node = insert_node(root_node,value);
}

switch(choice)
{
case 1:
printf("\n\nBinary tree using Inorder Traversal : ");
TraverseInorder(root_node);
getch();
break;

case 2:
printf("\n\nBinary tree using Preorder Traversal : ");
TraversePreorder(root_node);
getch();
break;

case 3:
printf("\n\nBinary tree using Postorder Traversal : ");
TraversePostorder(root_node);
getch();
break;

default:
printf("Invalid Choice");
break;
}
}
}
/*end main*/

/* Function to create a Binary Tree of integers data */
struct treenode *insert_node(struct treenode *t,int a)
{
struct treenode *temp_node1,*temp_node2;
if(t == NULL)
{
t = (struct treenode *) malloc(sizeof(struct treenode));
if(t == NULL)
{
printf("Value cannot be allocated.\n");
exit(0);
}
t->ele = a;
t->l_child=t->r_child=NULL;
}
else
{
temp_node1 = t;

while(temp_node1 != NULL)
{
temp_node2 = temp_node1;
if( temp_node1 ->ele > a)
temp_node1 = temp_node1->l_child;
else
temp_node1 = temp_node1->r_child;
}
if( temp_node2->ele > a)
{
temp_node2->l_child = (struct treenode*)malloc(sizeof(struct treenode));
temp_node2 = temp_node2->l_child;
if(temp_node2 == NULL)
{
printf("Value cannot be allocated.\n");
exit(0);
}
temp_node2->ele = a;
temp_node2->l_child=temp_node2->r_child = NULL;
}
else
{
temp_node2->r_child = (struct treenode*)malloc(sizeof(struct treenode));

temp_node2 = temp_node2->r_child;
if(temp_node2 == NULL)
{
printf("Value cannot be allocated.\n");
exit(0);
}
temp_node2->ele = a;
temp_node2->l_child=temp_node2->r_child = NULL;
}
}
return(t);
}

/* Function for Traversing the binary tree in inorder. */
void TraverseInorder(struct treenode *t)
{
if(t != NULL)
{
TraverseInorder(t->l_child);
printf("%d\t",t->ele);
in_order(t->r_child);
}
}

/* Function for Traversing the binary tree in preorder. */
void TraversePreorder(struct treenode *t)
{
if(t != NULL)
{
printf("%d\t",t->ele);
TraversePreorder(t->l_child);
TraversePreorder(t->r_child);
}
}

/* Function for Traversing the binary tree in postorder. */
void TraversePostorder(struct treenode *t)
{
if(t != NULL)
{
TraversePostorder(t->l_child);
TraversePostorder(t->r_child);
printf("%d\t",t->ele);
}
}

Write a C program that uses Stack operations to perform the following: i) Converting infix expression into postfix expression ii) Evaluating the postfix expression

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int st[100];
int st_top=-1;

int cal(char post[]);
void in_post(char in[]);
void push_item(int it);
int pop_item();
int st_ISP(char t);
int st_ICP(char t);

/*main function*/
void main()
{
char in[100],post[100];
clrscr();
printf("\n\tEnter the Infix Expression: ");
gets(in);
in_post(in);
getch();
}
/*end main*/

void push_item(int it)
{
if(st_top==99)
{
printf("\n\n\t*STACK is Full*");
getch();
exit(1);
}
st[++st_top]=it;
}

int pop_item()
{
int it;
if(st_top==-1)
{
getch();
}
return(st[st_top--]);
}

/*Function for converting an infix expression to a postfix expression. */
void in_post(char in[])
{
int x=0,y=0,z,result=0;
char a,c, post[100];
char t;
push_item('\0');
t=in[x];
while(t!='\0')
{
if(isalnum(t))
/*For checking whether the value in t is an alphabet or number. */
{
post[y]=t;
y++;
}
else if(t=='(')
{
push_item('(');
}
else if(t==')')
{
while(st[st_top]!='(')
{
c=pop_item();
post[y]=c;
y++;
}
c=pop_item();
}
else
{
while(st_ISP(st[st_top])>=st_ICP(t))
{
c=pop_item();
post[y]=c;
y++;
}
push_item(t);
}
x++;
t=in[x];
}

while(st_top!=-1)
{
c=pop_item();
post[y]=c;
y++;
}
printf("\n\tThe Postfix Expression is:");

for(z=0;z<y;z++)
printf("%c",post[z]);
printf("\n\nDo you want to evaluate the Result of Postfix Expression?(Y/N):");
scanf("%c",&a);
if(a=='y' || a=='Y')
{
result=cal(post);
printf("\n\n\tResult is: %d\n",result);
getch();
}
else if(a=='n' || a=='N')
{
exit(0);
}
}

/*Determining priority of inside elements*/
int st_ISP(char t)
{
switch(t)
{
case '(':return (10);
case ')':return (9);
case '+':return (7);
case '-':return (7);
case '*':return (8);
case '/':return (8);
case '\0':return (0);
default: printf("Expression is invalid.");
break;
}
return 0;
}

/*Determining priority of approaching elements*/
int st_ICP(char t)
{
switch(t)
{

case '(':return (10);
case ')':return (9);
case '+':return (7);
case '-':return (7);
case '*':return (8);
case '/':return (8);
case '\0':return (0);
default: printf("Expression is invalid.");
break;
}
return 0;
}

/*Evaluating the result of postfix expression*/
int cal(char post[])
{
int m,n,x,y,j=0,len;
len=strlen(post);
while(j<len)
{
if(isdigit(post[j]))
{
x=post[j]-'0';
push_item(x);
}
else
{
m=pop_item();
n=pop_item();

switch(post[j])
{
case '+':x=n+m;
break;
case '-':x=n-m;
break;
case '*':x=n*m;
break;
case '/':x=n/m;
break;
}
push_item(x);
}
j++;
}
if(st_top>0)
{
printf("Number of Operands are more than Operators.");
exit(0);
}
else
{
y=pop_item();
return (y);
}
return 0;
}

Write C programs that implement Queue (its operations) using ii) Pointers

program:

#define true 1
#define false 0

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>

struct q_point
{
int ele;
struct q_point* n;
};

struct q_point *f_ptr = NULL;

int e_que(void);
void add_ele(int);
int rem_ele(void);
void show_ele();

/*main function*/
void main()
{
int ele,choice,j;
while(1)
{
clrscr();
printf("\n\n****IMPLEMENTATION OF QUEUE USING POINTERS****\n");
printf("==============================================");
printf("\n\t\t MENU\n");
printf("==============================================");
printf("\n\t[1] To insert an element");
printf("\n\t[2] To remove an element");
printf("\n\t[3] To display all the elements");
printf("\n\t[4] Exit");
printf("\n\n\tEnter your choice:");
scanf("%d", &choice);

switch(choice)
{
case 1:
{
printf("\n\tElement to be inserted:");
scanf("%d",&ele);
add_ele(ele);
getch();
break;
}

case 2:
{
if(!e_que())
{
j=rem_ele();
printf("\n\t%d is removed from the queue",j);
getch();
}
else
{
printf("\n\tQueue is Empty.");
getch();
}
break;
}

case 3:
show_ele();
getch();
break;

case 4:
exit(1);
break;

default:
printf("\n\tInvalid choice.");
getch();
break;
}

}
}

/* Function to check if the queue is empty*/
int e_que(void)
{
if(f_ptr==NULL)
return true;
return false;
}

/* Function to add an element to the queue*/
void add_ele(int ele)
{
struct q_point *queue = (struct q_point*)malloc(sizeof(struct q_point));
queue->ele = ele;
queue->n = NULL;
if(f_ptr==NULL)
f_ptr = queue;
else
{
struct q_point* ptr;
ptr = f_ptr;
for(ptr=f_ptr ;ptr->n!=NULL; ptr=ptr->n);
ptr->n = queue;
}
}

/* Function to remove an element from the queue*/
int rem_ele()
{
struct q_point* queue=NULL;
if(e_que()==false)
{
int j = f_ptr->ele;
queue=f_ptr;
f_ptr = f_ptr->n;
free (queue);
return j;
}
else
{
printf("\n\tQueue is empty.");
return -9999;
}
}

/* Function to display the queue*/
void show_ele()
{
struct q_point *ptr=NULL;
ptr=f_ptr;
if(e_que())
{
printf("\n\tQUEUE is Empty.");
return;
}
else
{
printf("\n\tElements present in Queue are:\n\t");
while(ptr!=NULL)
{
printf("%d\t",ptr->ele);
ptr=ptr->n;
}
}
}

Write C programs that implement Queue (its operations) using i) Arrays

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<alloc.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define size 10
#define true 1
#define false 0

struct q_arr
{
int f,r;
int num;
int a[size];
};

void init(struct q_arr* queue);
int e_que(struct q_arr* queue);
int f_que(struct q_arr* queue);
int add_ele(struct q_arr* queue,int);
int rem_ele(struct q_arr* queue);
void display_ele(struct q_arr* queue);

/*main function*/
void main()
{
int ele,k;
int ch;

struct q_arr *queue = (struct q_arr*)malloc(sizeof(struct q_arr));
init(queue);

while(1)
{
clrscr();
printf("\n\n****IMPLEMENTATION OF QUEUE USING ARRAYS****\n");
printf("============================================");
printf("\n\t\tMENU\n");
printf("============================================");
printf("\n\t[1] To insert an element");
printf("\n\t[2] To remove an element");
printf("\n\t[3] To display all the elements");
printf("\n\t[4] Exit");
printf("\n\n\t Enter your choice: ");
scanf("%d",&ch);

switch(ch)
{
case 1:
{
printf("\nElement to be inserted:");
scanf("%d",&ele);
add_ele(queue,ele);
break;
}

case 2:
{
if(!e_que(queue))
{
k=rem_ele(queue);
printf("\n%d element is removed\n",k);
getch();
}
else
{
printf("\tQueue is Empty. No element can be removed.");
getch();
}
break;
}

case 3:
{
display_ele(queue);
getch();
break;
}

case 4:
exit(0);

default:
printf("\tInvalid Choice.");
getch();
break;
}
}
}
/*end main*/

void init(struct q_arr* queue)
{
queue->f = 0;
queue->r = -1;
queue->num = 0;
}

/* Function to check is the queue is empty*/
int e_que(struct q_arr* queue)
{
if(queue->num==0)
return true;
return false;
}

/* Function to check if the queue is full*/
int f_que(struct q_arr* queue)
{
if(queue->num == size)
return true;
return false;
}

/* Function to add an element to the queue*/
int add_ele(struct q_arr* queue,int j)
{
if(f_que(queue))
return false;

if(queue->r == size - 1)
queue->r = -1;
queue->a[++queue->r] = j;
queue->num++;
return true;
}

/* Function to remove an element of the queue*/
int rem_ele(struct q_arr* queue)
{
int j;
if(e_que(queue))
return -9999;
j = queue->a[queue->f++];
if(queue->f == size)
queue->f = 0;
queue->num--;
return j;
}

/* Function to display the queue*/
void display_ele(struct q_arr* queue)
{
int j;
if(e_que(queue))
{
printf("Queue is Empty. No records to display.");
return;
}
printf("\nElements present in the Queue are: ");
for(j=queue->f;j<=queue->r;j++)
printf("%d\t",queue->a[j]);
printf("\n");
}

Write C programs that implement stack (its operations) using ii) Pointers .

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

struct st_point
{
int ele;
struct st_point *l;
}

*t;
int i;

void push_ele(int j);
int pop_ele();
void display_ele();

void main()
{
char choice,num1=0,num2=0;
int i;
while(1)
{
clrscr();
printf("======================================");
printf("\n\t\t MENU ");
printf("\n======================================");
printf("\n[1] Using Push Function");
printf("\n[2] Using Pop Function");
printf("\n[3] Elements present in Stack");
printf("\n[4] Exit\n");
printf("\n\tEnter your choice: ");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c",&choice);

switch(choice-'0')
{
case 1:
{
printf("\n\tElement to be pushed:");
scanf("%d",&num1);
push_ele(num1);
break;
}

case 2:
{
num2=pop_ele(1);
printf("\n\tElement to be popped: %d\n\t",num2);
getch();
break;
}

case 3:
{
printf("\n\tElements present in the stack are:\n\t");
display_ele();
getch();
break;
}

case 4:
exit(1);
break;

default:
printf("\nYour choice is invalid.\n");
break;
}
}
}

/*Inserting the elements using push function*/
void push_ele(int j)
{
struct st_point *m;
m=(struct st_point*)malloc(sizeof(struct st_point));
m->ele=j;
m->l=t;
t=m;
return;
}

/*Removing the elements using pop function*/
int pop_ele()
{
if(t==NULL)
{
printf("\n\STACK is Empty.");
getch();
exit(1);
}
else
{
int i=t->ele;
t=t->l;
return (i);
}
return 0;
}

/*Displaying the elements */
void display_ele()
{
struct st_point *pointer=NULL;
pointer=t;
while(pointer!=NULL)
{
printf("%d\t",pointer->ele);
pointer=pointer->l;
}
}

Write C programs that implement stack (its operations) using i) Arrays .

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int st_arr[20];
int t=-1;

void push_ele(int ele);
int pop_ele();
void display_ele();

void main()
{
char choice,num1=0,num2=0;
while(1)
{
clrscr();
printf("======================================");
printf("\n\t\t MENU ");
printf("\n======================================");
printf("\n[1] Using Push Function");
printf("\n[2] Using Pop Function");
printf("\n[3] Elements present in Stack");
printf("\n[4] Exit\n");
printf("\n\tEnter your choice: ");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c",&choice);

switch(choice-'0')
{

case 1:
{
printf("\n\tElement to be pushed: ");
scanf("%d",&num1);
push_ele(num1);
break;
}

case 2:
{
num2=pop_ele(1);
printf("\n\tElement to be popped: %d\n\t",num2);
getch();
break;
}

case 3:
{
display_ele();
getch();
break;
}

case 4:
exit(1);
break;

default:
printf("\nYour choice is invalid.\n");
break;
}
}
}

/*Implementing the push() function. */
void push_ele(int ele)
{
if(t==99)
{
printf("STACK is Full.\n");
getch();
exit(1);
}
st_arr[++t]=ele;
}

/*Implementing the pop() function. */
int pop_ele()
{
int ele1;
if(t==-1)
{
printf("\n\tSTACK is Empty.\n");
getch();
exit(1);
}
return(st_arr[t--]);
}

/*Implementing display() function. */
void display_ele()
{
int k;
printf("\n\tElements present in the stack are:\n\t");
for(k=0;k<=t;k++)
printf("%d\t",st_arr[k]);
}

Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations on doubly linked list.: i) Creation ii) Insertion iii) Deletion iv) Traversal in both ways

program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>
typedef struct dubll
{
int data;
struct dubll *leftlink,*rightlink;
}*DUBLL;
DUBLL high,temp_node,low,last,pntr;
int flag=0;
DUBLL NodeAlloc();
DUBLL Search(int,int);
void CreateItem();
void AppendItem();
void PrintItem();
void DeleteItem();
DUBLL Search(int item,int flag);
DUBLL NodeAlloc();
void InsertItem();
void main(void)
{
int choice,Item;
high=NULL;
while(1)
{
clrscr();
printf("\n \t\t\t***** M A I N M E N U *****\n\n");
printf("\n 1: Create Linked List \n 2: Append a Node to the List \n 3: Traverse the List \n 4: Delete a Node from the List \n 5: Search a Node \n 6: Insert a Node to the List \n 7: Close \n\n\t\t Enter your Option [ ]\b\b");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
CreateItem();
puts("\nPress any key to go back to main menu.");
getch();
break;
case 2:
AppendItem();
break;
case 3:
PrintItem();
puts("\nPress any key to go back to main menu.");
getch();
break;
case 4:
DeleteItem();
break;
case 5:
printf("Find an Item: ");
scanf("%d",&Item);
temp_node=Search(Item,0);
if(temp_node)
{
puts("The item is available in the Linked List.");
}
else
{
puts("The item is not found in the Linked List.");
}
getch();
break;
case 6:
InsertItem();
break;
case 7:
exit();
default:
puts("Invalid choice.");
puts("\nPress any key to go back to main menu.");
getch();
break;
}
}
} /* Function to Create the list*/
void CreateItem()
{
if(high==NULL)
{
printf("\n --Creating the list--");
temp_node=NodeAlloc();
printf("\n Enter starting data (as integer value) :");
scanf("%d",&temp_node->data);
high=temp_node;
}
else
{
printf("\n List already created @ %d with %d as data.",high,high->data);
}
} /* Function to Append items to the list*/
void AppendItem()
{
low=high;
if(high==NULL)
{
CreateItem();
}
else
{
temp_node=NodeAlloc();
printf("\n Enter Item (in integer) :");
scanf("%d",&temp_node->data);
temp_node->rightlink=NULL;

while(low->rightlink!=NULL)
low=low->rightlink;
low->rightlink=temp_node;
temp_node->leftlink=low;
last=low->rightlink;
}
} /* Function to Traverse the list both ways and print the data*/
void PrintItem()
{
DUBLL temp_node;
if(high==NULL)
{
printf("\n List is not available. Please create a list first.");
getch();
CreateItem();
}
temp_node=high;
last=low->rightlink;
printf("\n--Printing The List In Forward direction--\n");
while(temp_node!=NULL) //In forward direction
{
printf("\t %d",temp_node->data);
temp_node = temp_node->rightlink;
}
printf("\n");
printf("\n--Printing The List In Backward direction--\n");
temp_node=high;
if(temp_node->rightlink==NULL)
{
printf("%d",temp_node->data);
return;
}
while(last!=NULL) //In backward direction
{
printf("\t %d",last->data);
last = last->leftlink;
}
} /* Function to Delete items of the list*/
void DeleteItem()
{
int value;
DUBLL temp_node;
if(high==NULL)
{
printf("\n List is not available. Please create a list first.");
getch();
CreateItem();
}
printf("\n Item to delete :");
scanf("%d",&value);
pntr=Search(value,1);
pntr->leftlink->rightlink=pntr->rightlink;
pntr->rightlink->leftlink=pntr->leftlink;
temp_node=pntr; free(temp_node);
} /* Function to Search an item from the list*/
DUBLL Search(int item,int flag)
{
temp_node = high;
if(high==NULL)
{
printf("\n List is not available. Please create a list first.");
getch();
CreateItem();
}
while(temp_node!=NULL)
{
if(temp_node->data==item )
{
if(flag==0)
{
return(1);
}
else
{
return(temp_node);
}
}
temp_node=temp_node->rightlink;
}
} /* Function to Allocate nodes*/
DUBLL NodeAlloc()
{
DUBLL tmep_node;
tmep_node=malloc(sizeof(struct dubll));
if(tmep_node==NULL)
{
printf("\n No memory available. Node allocation cannot be done.");
}
tmep_node->rightlink=tmep_node->leftlink=NULL;
return(tmep_node);
} /* Function to Insert items in the middle of the list*/
void InsertItem()
{
int node;
DUBLL temp_node;
if(high==NULL)
{
printf("\n List is not available. Please create a list first.");
getch();
CreateItem();
}
temp_node=NodeAlloc();
printf("Position At which node to be inserted: ___ & New Item Value: ___ "); scanf("%d",&node);
scanf("%d",&temp_node->data);
pntr=Search(node,1);
if(pntr->rightlink==NULL)
{
printf("\n The operation is not possible.");
getch();
return;
}
temp_node->leftlink=pntr; //creating link to new node
temp_node->rightlink=pntr->rightlink;
pntr->rightlink->leftlink=temp_node;
pntr->rightlink=temp_node;
printf("\n Item has been Inserted.");
getch();
}

Write a program for creation of sorted list from a given list of numbers .

program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define NULL 0
struct linked_list
{
int number;
struct linked_list *next;
};
typedef struct linked_list node;
main ()
{
int n;
node *head = NULL;
void print(node *p);
node *insert_Sort(node *p, int n);
printf("Input the list of numbers.\n");
printf("At end, type -999.\n");
scanf("%d",&n); while(n != -999)
{
if(head == NULL) /* create 'base' node */
{
head = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
head ->number = n;
head->next = NULL;
}
else /* insert next item */
{
head = insert_sort(head,n);
}
scanf("%d", &n);
}
printf("\n");
print(head);
print("\n");
}
node *insert_sort(node *list, int x)
{
node *p1, *p2, *p;
p1 = NULL;
p2 = list; /* p2 points to first node */
for( ; p2->number < x ; p2 = p2-<next)
{
p1 = p2;
if(p2->next == NULL)
{
p2 = p2->
next; /* p2 set to NULL */
break; /* insert new node at end */
}
} /* key node found */
p = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node)); /* space for new node */
p->
number = x; /* place value in the new node */
p->
next = p2; /* link new node to key node */
if (p1 == NULL)
list = p; /* new node becomes the first node */
else p1->
next = p; /* new node inserted after 1st node */
return (list);
}
void print(node *list)
{
if (list == NULL)
printf("NULL");
else
{
printf("%d-->",list->number);
print(list->next);
}
return;
}

Output:
Input the list of number.
At end, type -999.
80 70 50 40 60 -999
40-->50-->60-->70-->80 -->NULL
Input the list of number.
At end, type -999.
40 70 50 60 80 -999
40-->50-->60-->70-->80-->NULL

Write a function for inserting an item into a linked list .

program:
node *insert(node *head)
{
node *find(node *p, int a);
node *new; /* pointer to new node */
node *n1; /* pointer to node preceding key node */
int key;
int x; /* new item (number) to be inserted */
printf("Value of new item?");
scanf("%d", &x);
printf("Value of key item ? (type -999 if last) ");
scanf("%d", &key);
if(head->number == key) /* new node is first */
{
new = (node *)malloc(size of(node));
new->
number = x;
new->
next = head;
head = new;
}
else /* find key node and insert new node */
{
/* before the key node */
n1 = find(head, key); /* find key node */
if(n1 == NULL)
printf("\n key is not found \n");
else /* insert new node */
{
new = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
new->
number = x;
new->
next = n1->
next;
n1->
next = new;
}
}
return(head);
}
node *find(node *lists, int key)
{
if(list->next->number == key) /* key found */
return(list);
else if(list->next->next == NULL) /* end */
return(NULL);
else
find(list->next, key);
}

Write a function for deleting an item from linked list .

program:
node *delete(node *head)
{
node *find(node *p, int a);
int key; /* item to be deleted */
node *n1; /* pointer to node preceding key node */
node *p; /* temporary pointer */
printf("\n What is the item (number) to be deleted?");
scanf("%d", &key);
if(head->number == key) /* first node to be deleted) */
{
p = head->next; /* pointer to 2nd node in list */
free(head); /* release space of key node */
head = p; /* make head to point to 1st node */
}
else
{
n1 = find(head, key);
if(n1 == NULL)
printf("\n key not found \n");
else /* delete key node */
{
p = n1->
next->
next; /* pointer to the node following the keynode */
free(n1->next); /* free key node */
n1->
next = p; /* establish link */
}
}
return(head);
}
/* USE FUNCTION find() HERE *

Write a program to create a linear linked list interactively and print out the list and the total number of items in the list.

program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define NULL 0
struct linked_list
{
int number;
struct linked_list *next;
};
typedef struct linked_list node; /* node type defined */
main()
{
node *head;
void create(node *p);
int count(node *p);
void print(node *p);
head = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
create(head);
printf("\n");
printf(head);
printf("\n");
printf("\nNumber of items = %d \n", count(head));
}
void create(node *list)
{
printf("Input a number\n");
printf("(type -999 at end): ");
scanf("%d", &list -> number); /* create current node */
if(list->number == -999)
{
list->
next = NULL;
}
else /*create next node */
{
list->
next = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
create(list->next); */ Recursion occurs */
}
return;
}
void print(node *list)
{
if(list->next != NULL)
{
printf("%d-->",list ->number); /* print current item */
if(list->next->next == NULL)
printf("%d", list->next->number);
print(list->next); /* move to next item */
}
return;
}
int count(node *list)
{
if(list->next == NULL)
return (0);
else return(1+ count(list->next));
}

Output:

Input a number
(type -999 to end); 60
Input a number
(type -999 to end); 20
Input a number
(type -999 to end); 10
Input a number
(type -999 to end); 40
Input a number
(type -999 to end); 30
Input a number
(type -999 to end); 50
Input a number
(type -999 to end); -999
60 -->20 -->10 -->40 -->30 -->50 --> -999
Number of items = 6

Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations: i) Reading a complex number ii) Writing a complex number iii) Addition of two complex numbers iv) Multiplication of two complex numbers (Note: represent complex number using a structure.)

program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void arithmetic(int opern);
struct comp
{
double realpart;
double imgpart;
};
void main()
{
int opern;
clrscr();
printf("\n\n \t\t\t***** MAIN MENU *****");
printf("\n\n Select your option: \n 1 : ADD\n 2 : MULTIPLY\n 0 : EXIT \n\n\t\t Enter your Option [ ]\b\b");
scanf("%d",&opern);
switch(opern)
{
case 0:
exit(0);
case 1:
case 2:
arithmetic(opern);
default:
main();
}
}
void arithmetic(int opern)
{
struct comp w1, w2, w;
printf("\n Enter two Complex Numbers (x+iy):\n Real Part of First Number:"); scanf("%lf",&w1.realpart);
printf("\n Imaginary Part of First Number:");
scanf("%lf",&w1.imgpart);
printf("\n Real Part of Second Number:");
scanf("%lf",&w2.realpart);
printf("\n Imaginary Part of Second Number:");
scanf("%lf",&w2.imgpart);
switch(opern)
{
/*addition of complex number*/
case 1:
w.realpart = w1.realpart+w2.realpart;
w.imgpart = w1.imgpart+w2.imgpart;
break;
/*multiplication of complex number*/
case 2:
w.realpart=(w1.realpart*w2.realpart)-(w1.imgpart*w2.imgpart);
w.imgpart=(w1.realpart*w2.imgpart)+(w1.imgpart*w2.realpart);
break;
}
if (w.imgpart>0)
printf("\n Answer = %lf+%lfi",w.realpart,w.imgpart);
else
printf("\n Answer = %lf%lfi",w.realpart,w.imgpart);
getch();
main();
}

Write a C program to convert a Roman numeral to its decimal equivalent.

program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void main()
{
int *a,len,i,j,k;
char *rom;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the Roman Numeral:");
scanf("%s",rom);
len=strlen(rom);
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
{
if(rom[i]=='I')
a[i]=1;
else if(rom[i]=='V')
a[i]=5;
else if(rom[i]=='X')
a[i]=10;
else if(rom[i]=='L')
a[i]=50;
else if(rom[i]=='C')
a[i]=100;
else if(rom[i]=='D')
a[i]=500;
else if(rom[i]=='M')
a[i]=1000;
else
{
printf("\nInvalid Value");
getch();
exit(0);
}
}
k=a[len-1];
for(i=len-1;i>0;i--)
{
if(a[i]>a[i-1])
k=k-a[i-1];
else if(a[i]==a[i-1] || a[i]<a[i-1])
k=k+a[i-1];
}
printf("\nIts Decimal Equivalent is:");
printf("%d",k);
getch();
}

2’s complement of a number is obtained by scanning it from right to left and complementing all the bits after the first appearance of a 1. Thus 2’s complement of 11100 is 00100. Write a C program to find the 2’s complement of a binary number.

program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void complement (char *a);
void main()
{
char a[16];
int i;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the binary number");
gets(a);
for(i=0;a[i]!='\0'; i++)
{
if (a[i]!='0' && a[i]!='1')
{
printf("The number entered is not a binary number. Enter the correct number");
exit(0);
}
}
complement(a);
getch();
}
void complement (char *a)
{
int l, i, c=0;
char b[16];
l=strlen(a);
for (i=l-1; i>=0; i--)
{
if (a[i]=='0') b[i]='1';
else b[i]='0';
}
for(i=l-1; i>=0; i--)
{
if(i==l-1)
{
if (b[i]=='0') b[i]='1';
else
{
b[i]='0'; c=1;
}
}
else
{
if(c==1 && b[i]=='0')
{
b[i]='1'; c=0;
}
else if (c==1 && b[i]=='1')
{
b[i]='0';
c=1;
}
}
}
b[l]='\0';
printf("The 2's complement is %s", b);
}

Write a C program to generate Pascal's triangle.

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

void main()
{
int bin,p,q,r,x;
clrscr();
bin=1;
q=0;

printf("Rows you want to input:");
scanf("%d",&r);

printf("\nPascal's Triangle:\n");

while(q<r)
{
for(p=40-3*q;p>0;--p)
printf(" ");
for(x=0;x<=q;++x)
{
if((x==0)||(q==0))
bin=1;
else
bin=(bin*(q-x+1))/x;
printf("%6d",bin);
}

printf("\n");
++q;
}
getch();
}

Write a C program that displays the position or index in the string S where the string T begins, or - 1 if S doesn't contain T.

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>

void main()
{
char s[30], t[20];
char *found;
clrscr();

/* Entering the main string */
puts("Enter the first string: ");
gets(s);

/* Entering the string whose position or index to be displayed */
puts("Enter the string to be searched: ");
gets(t);

/*Searching string t in string s */
found=strstr(s,t);
if(found)
printf("Second String is found in the First String at %d position.\n",found-s);
else
printf("-1");
getch();
}

Write a C program to count the lines, words and characters in a given text.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

main()
{
char line[81], ctr;
int i,c,
end = 0,
characters = 0,
words = 0,
lines = 0;
printf("KEY IN THE TEXT.\n");
printf("GIVE ONE SPACE AFTER EACH WORD.\n");
printf("WHEN COMPLETED, PRESS 'RETURN'.\n\n");
while( end == 0)
{
/* Reading a line of text */
c = 0;
while((ctr=getchar()) != '\n')
line[c++] = ctr;
line[c] = '\0';
/* counting the words in a line */
if(line[0] == '\0')
break ;
else
{
words++;
for(i=0; line[i] != '\0';i++)
if(line[i] == ' ' || line[i] == '\t')
words++;
}
/* counting lines and characters */
lines = lines +1;
characters = characters + strlen(line);
}
printf ("\n");
printf("Number of lines = %d\n", lines);
printf("Number of words = %d\n", words);
printf("Number of characters = %d\n", characters);
}
Output
KEY IN THE TEXT.
GIVE ONE SPACE AFTER EACH WORD.
WHEN COMPLETED, PRESS 'RETURN'.
Admiration is a very short-lived passion.
Admiration involves a glorious obliquity of vision.
Always we like those who admire us but we do not
like those whom we admire.
Fools admire, but men of sense approve.
Number of lines = 5
Number of words = 36
Number of characters = 205

Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations: To delete n Characters from a given position in a given string.

program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include >string.h>

void delchar(char *x,int a, int b);

void main()
{
char string[10];
int n,pos,p;
clrscr();

puts("Enter the string");
gets(string);
printf("Enter the position from where to delete");
scanf("%d",&pos);
printf("Enter the number of characters to be deleted");
scanf("%d",&n);
delchar(string, n,pos);
getch();
}

// Function to delete n: characters
void delchar(char *x,int a, int b)
{
if ((a+b-1) <= strlen(x))
{
strcpy(&x[b-1],&x[a+b-1]);
puts(x);
}
}

Write a C program to determine if the given string is a palindrome or not.

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

enum Boolean{false,true};
enum Boolean IsPalindrome(char string[])
{
int left,right,len=strlen(string);
enum Boolean matched=true;
if(len==0)
return 0;
left=0;
right=len-1;

/* Compare the first and last letter,second & second last & so on */
while(left<right&&matched)
{
if(string[left]!=string[right])
matched=false;
else
{
left++;
right--;
}
}
return matched;
}

int main()
{
char string[40];
clrscr();
printf("****Program to test if the given string is a palindrome****\n");
printf("Enter a string:");
scanf("%s",string);
if(IsPalindrome(string))
printf("The given string %s is a palindrome\n",string);
else
printf("The given string %s is not a palindrome\n",string);
getch();
return 0;
}

Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations: To insert a sub-string in to given main string from a given position.

program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>

void main()
{
char a[10];
char b[10];
char c[10];
int p=0,r=0,i=0;
int t=0;
int x,g,s,n,o;
clrscr();

puts("Enter First String:");
gets(a);
puts("Enter Second String:");
gets(b);
printf("Enter the position where the item has to be inserted: ");
scanf("%d",&p);
r = strlen(a);
n = strlen(b);
i=0;

// Copying the input string into another array
while(i <= r)
{
c[i]=a[i];
i++;
}
s = n+r;
o = p+n;

// Adding the sub-string
for(i=p;i<s;i++)
{
x = c[i];
if(t<n)
{
a[i] = b[t];
t=t+1;
}
a[o]=x;
o=o+1;
}

printf("%s", a);
getch();
}

Write a C program to find both the largest and smallest number in a list of integers.

program:

main( )
{
float largest(float a[ ], int n);
float value[4] = {2.5,-4.75,1.2,3.67};
printf("%f\n", largest(value,4));
}
float largest(float a[], int n)
{
int i;
float max;
max = a[0];
for(i = 1; i < n; i++)
if(max < a[i])
max = a[i];
return(max);
}

Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following: i) Addition of Two Matrices ii) Multiplication of Two Matrices

program:

#include<stdio.h>

void main()
{
int ch,i,j,m,n,p,q,k,r1,c1,a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
clrscr();
printf("************************************");
printf("\n\t\tMENU");
printf("\n**********************************");
printf("\n[1]ADDITION OF TWO MATRICES");
printf("\n[2]MULTIPLICATION OF TWO MATRICES");
printf("\n[0]EXIT");
printf("\n**********************************");
printf("\n\tEnter your choice:\n");
scanf("%d",&ch);

if(ch<=2 & ch>0)
{
printf("Valid Choice\n");
}

switch(ch)
{
case 1:
printf("Input rows and columns of A & B Matrix:");
scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
printf("Enter elements of matrix A:\n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
printf("Enter elements of matrix B:\n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n =====Matrix Addition=====\n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
printf("%5d",a[i][j]+b[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
break;

case 2:
printf("Input rows and columns of A matrix:");
scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
printf("Input rows and columns of B matrix:");
scanf("%d%d",&p,&q);
if(n==p)
{
printf("matrices can be multiplied\n");
printf("resultant matrix is %d*%d\n",m,q);
printf("Input A matrix\n");
read_matrix(a,m,n);
printf("Input B matrix\n");
/*Function call to read the matrix*/
read_matrix(b,p,q);
/*Function for Multiplication of two matrices*/
printf("\n =====Matrix Multiplication=====\n");
for(i=0;i<m;++i)
for(j=0;j<q;++j)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<n;++k)
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}

printf("Resultant of two matrices:\n");
write_matrix(c,m,q);
}
/*end if*/
else
{
printf("Matrices cannot be multiplied.");
}
/*end else*/
break;

case 0:
printf("\n Choice Terminated");
exit();
break;

default:
printf("\n Invalid Choice");
}
getch();
}

Write a C program, which takes two integer operands and one operator form the user, performs the operation and then prints the result. (Consider the operators +,-,*, /, % and use Switch Statement)

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

void main()
{
int a,b,res,ch;
clrscr();
printf("\t *********************");
printf("\n\tMENU\n");
printf("\t********************");
printf("\n\t(1)ADDITION");
printf("\n\t(2)SUBTRACTION");
printf("\n\t(3)MULTIPLICATION");
printf("\n\t(4)DIVISION");
printf("\n\t(5)REMAINDER");
printf("\n\t(0)EXIT");
printf("\n\t********************");
printf("\n\n\tEnter your choice:");
scanf("%d",&ch);

if(ch<=5 & ch>0)
{
printf("Enter two numbers:\n");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
}

switch(ch)
{
case 1:
res=a+b;
printf("\n Addition:%d",res);
break;

case 2:
res=a-b;
printf("\n Subtraction:%d",res);
break;

case 3:
res=a*b;
printf("\n Multiplication:%d",res);
break;

case 4:
res=a/b;
printf("\n Division:%d",res);
break;

case 5:
res=a%b;
printf("\n Remainder:%d",res);
break;

case 0:
printf("\n Choice Terminated");
exit();
break;

default:
printf("\n Invalid Choice");
}
getch();
}

1) Write C programs that use both recursive and non-recursive functions To find the factorial of a given integer.

program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

unsigned int recr_factorial(int n);
unsigned int iter_factorial(int n);

void main()
{
int n,i;
long fact;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number: ");
scanf("%d",&n);

if(n==0)
printf("Factorial of 0 is 1\n");
else
{
printf("Factorial of %d Using Recursive Function is %d\n",n,recr_factorial(n));
printf("Factorial of %d Using Non-Recursive Function is %d\n",n,iter_factorial(n));
}
getch();
}

/* Recursive Function*/
unsigned int recr_factorial(int n)
s{
return n>=1 ? n * recr_factorial(n-1) : 1;
}

/* Non-Recursive Function*/
unsigned int iter_factorial(int n)
{
int accu = 1;
int i;
for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
accu *= i;
}
return accu;
}

Write a C program to find the roots of a quadratic equation.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>

void main()
{
float a,b,c,root1,root2;
clrscr();
printf("\n Enter values of a,b,c for finding roots of a quadratic eq:\n");
scanf("%f%f%f",&a,&b,&c);

/*checking condition*/
if(b*b>4*a*c)
{
root1=-b+sqrt(b*b-4*a*c)/2*a;
root2=-b-sqrt(b*b-4*a*c)/2*a;
printf("\n*****ROOTS ARE*****\n");
printf("\n root1=%f\n root2=%f",root1,root2);
}
else
printf("\n Imaginary Roots.");
getch();
}

Write a C program to find the sum of individual digits of a positive integer.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int num, k=1, sum=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number whose digits are to be added:");
scanf("%d",&num);
while(num!=0)
{
k=num%10;
sum=sum+k;
k=num/10;
num=k;
}
printf("Sum of the digits:%d",sum);
getch();
}

Write a C program to generate all the prime numbers between 1 and n, where n is a value supplied by the user.

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int no,counter,counter1,check;
clrscr();
printf("<-----------------------PRIME NO. SERIES------------------------>");
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\tINPUT THE VALUE OF N: ");
scanf("%d",&no);
printf("\n\nTHE PRIME NO. SERIES B/W 1 TO %d : \n\n",no);
for(counter = 1; counter <= no; counter++)
{
check = 0;
//THIS LOOP WILL CHECK A NO TO BE PRIME NO. OR NOT.
for(counter1 = counter-1; counter1 > 1 ; counter1--)
if(counter%counter1 == 0)
{
check++; // INCREMENT CHECK IF NO. IS NOT A PRIME NO.
break;
}
if(check == 0)
printf("%d\t",counter);
}
getch();
}

A Fibonacci Sequence is defined as follows: the first and second terms in the sequence are 0 and 1. Subsequent terms are found by adding the preceding two terms in the sequence. Write a C program to generate the first n terms of the sequence.

program:

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int num1=0, num2=1,no,counter,fab;
clrscr();
printf("<===========PROGRAM TO FIND THE FIBONACCI SERIES UP TO N NO. IN SERIES=========>");
printf("\n\n\n\t\tENTER LENGTH OF SERIES (N) : ");
scanf("%d",&no);
printf("\n\n\t\t\t<----FIBONACCI SERIES---->");
printf("\n\n\t\t%d %d",num1,num2);
//LOOP WILL RUN FOR 2 TIME LESS IN SERIES AS THESE WAS PRINTED IN ADVANCE
for(counter = 1; counter <= no-2; counter++)
{
fab=num1 + num2;
printf(" %d",fab);
num1=num2;
num2=fab;
}
getch();
}

Write a cprogram which copies one file to another?

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
    char file1[30],a[50],s[50],n;
    int j=0,k,i,len;
    FILE *fp;
    clrscr();
    printf("enter the file path:");
    gets(file1);
    fp=fopen(file1,"r");
    if(fp==NULL)
    {
        puts("file cannot be opend");
        exit(0);
        }
    printf("\n Enter the number of characters to reverse:");
    scanf("%d",&k);
    n=fread(a,1,k,fp);
    a[n]='\0';
    len=strlen(a);
    for(i=len-1;i>=0;i--)
    {
        s[j]=a[i];
        printf("%c",s[j]);
        j=j+1;
        }
    s[j+1]='\0';
    getch();
    }

write a c program to find sum of following series? sum=1-X2/2!+.............

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
   int x,i,j,sign=-1;
   long int fact=1;
   double s=0.00;
   clrscr();
   printf("enter the value of x:\t");
   scanf("%d",&x);
   for(i=0;i<=10;i=i+2)
   {
   fact=1;
   for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
   {
   fact=fact*j;
   }
   s=s+((-1*sign)*pow(x,i))/fact;
   if(sign==-1)
       sign=1;
       else
         sign=-1;
         }
printf("\n the result is:%1f",s);
getch();
}

Find the number of characters to reverse,c program

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
    char file1[30],a[50],s[50],n;
    int j=0,k,i,len;
    FILE *fp;
    clrscr();
    printf("enter the file path:");
    gets(file1);
    fp=fopen(file1,"r");
    if(fp==NULL)
    {
        puts("file cannot be opend");
        exit(0);
        }
    printf("\n Enter the number of characters to reverse:");
    scanf("%d",&k);
    n=fread(a,1,k,fp);
    a[n]='\0';
    len=strlen(a);
    for(i=len-1;i>=0;i--)
    {
        s[j]=a[i];
        printf("%c",s[j]);
        j=j+1;
        }
    s[j+1]='\0';
    getch();
    }

TO find sum of prime numbers.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
     int n,i,count,j;
     clrscr();
     printf("enter the number:");
     scanf("%d",&n);
     printf("the prime number below%d are:",n);
     for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
     {
     count=0;
     for(j=1;j<=i;j++)

     if(i%j==0)
     count++;
     if(count==2)
     printf("\t%d",i);
     }
     getch();
     }

Quadratic form .c- program

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
  float a,b,c,r1,r2,d;
  clrscr();
  printf("\n enter values of a,b,c:");
  scanf("%f%f%f",&a,&b,&c);
  if(a==0)
  printf("enter value should not be zero");
  else
  {
  d=b*b-4*a*c;

  if(d>0)
  {
  r1=-b+sqrt(b*b-4*a*c)/2*a;
  r2=-b-sqrt(b*b-4*a*c)/2*a;
  printf("roots are real and unequal \n");
  printf("r1=%f\n r2=%f",r1,r2);
  }
  else
  {
  if(d==0)
  {
  r1=-b/(2*a);
  r2=-b/(2*a);
  printf("\n roots are real and equal");
  printf("\n root=%f\n",r1);
  printf("\n root=%f\n",r2);
  }
  else
  printf("roots are imaginary");
  }
 }
 getch();
 }

gcd_recursive,gcd_nonrecursive..

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int gcd_recursive(int,int);
int gcd_nonrecursive(int,int);
void main()
{
   int a,b,ch;
   long int gcd;
   clrscr();
printf("Enter the two numbers whose GCD is to be found:");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
printf("\n enter 1 for recursive 0 for nonrecursive:");
scanf("%d",&ch);
if(ch)
  gcd=gcd_recursive(a,b);
else
  gcd=gcd_nonrecursive(a,b);
printf("GCD of %d,%d is:%d",a,b,gcd);
getch();
}
int gcd_recursive(int m,int n)
{
  if(n>m)
      return gcd_recursive(n,m);
  if(n==0)
      return m;
    else
      return gcd_recursive(n,m%n);
 }
 int gcd_nonrecursive(int m,int n)
 {
    int remainder;
    remainder=m-(m/n*n);
    if(remainder==0)
       return n;
   else
      gcd_nonrecursive(n,remainder);
   }

TOTAL DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY VEHICLE IN%d INTERVALS OF TIME:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
   int interval,counter,time;
   float acc1,dis=0,vel;

   clrscr();
   printf("===PROGRAM FOR CALC TOTAL DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY A VEHICLE===");
   printf("\n\t Enter the number of time intervals:");
   scanf("%d",&interval);
   for(counter=1;counter<=interval;counter++)
   {
       printf("\n\t Enter time at T%d(sec):",counter);
       scanf("%d",&time);
       printf("\t Enter the velocity at %d sec(m/sec):",time);
       scanf("%f",&vel);
       printf("\t Enter the accelaration at%d sec(m/sec^2):",time);
       scanf("%f",&acc1);
       dis+=vel*time+(acc1*pow(time,2)/2);
       }
 printf("\nTOTAL DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY VEHICLE IN%d INTERVALS OF TIME:%f",interval,dis);

 getch();
 }

FIND sum of individual digits ,c program

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
      int n,sum,p;
      clrscr();
      printf("enter the possitive integer:");
      scanf("%d",&n);
      sum=0;
      if(n<0)
      printf("\n the given number is not valid(not +ve)");
      else
      {
      while(n!=0)
      {
      p=n%10;
      n=n/10;
      sum=sum+p;
      }
      printf("\n sum of individual digits is:%d",sum);
      }
      getch();